Clinical practice guidelines by the infectious diseases society of america. Englishfrench seasonal influenza is an acute viral disease of the respiratory tract transmitted via aerosols or contaminated surfaces from infected people. Seasonal influenza adult patients diagnosis respiratory virus testing should be considered in individuals presenting during influenza season with fever and influenzalike symptoms of myalgia, arthralgia, headache, andor sore throat. Asthma was the most prevalent risk factor for hospitalization, occurring in 28% n 148 of the ph1n1 population, and 24% n 174 of those with seasonal influenza. Seasonal influenza viruses have rarely been detected from nonrespiratory sources such as. Influenza flu is a respiratory illness that can be serious, sometimes leading to hospitalization and even death. The flu chapter of the green book has been updated to reflect the latest guidance from the joint committee on vaccination and immunisation in readiness. Influenza is highly infectious with a usual incubation period of one to three days. Influenza, one of the most common infectious diseases, is a highly contagious airborne disease that occurs in seasonal epidemics and manifests as an acute febrile illness with variable degrees of systemic symptoms, ranging from mild fatigue to respiratory failure and death. It is difficult for an individual to develop long term immunity to influenza as the make up of the viral strains change slightly on a regular basis. Hps website green book chapter on influenza updated.
The quadrivalent influenza vaccine qiv will protect against four strains of flu. The mdhhs seasonal influenza web page has information on influenza activity, influenza vaccination, and resources for specific groups including health professionals and clinical laboratories. Infectiousness is highest within 3 days of illness onset and is correlated with fever. Phe guidance on use of antiviral agents for the treatment. This course provides a general introduction to the disease and is intended for personnel involved in seasonal influenza outbreak preparedness and response. The seasonal flu vaccine is available from october 2019 until end of april. Phe summary of current guidance for healthcare professionals, the chapter on influenza in the green book. Apr 10, 2020 find information on coronavirus disease 2019 covid19. Jun 06, 2014 to estimate the potential costeffectiveness of quadrivalent influenza vaccine compared with trivalent influenza vaccine in the uk. Not recommended for use as part of seasonal influenza vaccination programmes due to. Influenza a symptoms can be confused with signs of other conditions but are usually. These recommendations are based on the public health england phe phe guidance on use of antiviral agents for the treatment and prophylaxis of seasonal influenza, the use of antivirals for the treatment and prophylaxis of influenza. The recent updates include changes to the asthma and egg allergy sections and added information on newly licensed influenza vaccines. Influenza vaccine treatment summary bnf content published by.
Immunosuppression due to disease or treatment, including patients. Influenza burden, prevention, and treatment in asthma. Jan 02, 2020 information for health professionals cdc read more on key information about vaccination, infection control, prevention, treatment, and diagnosis of seasonal influenza. Seasonal influenza seasonal influenza is an acute illness of the respiratory tract caused by influenza viruses it is usually more common in periods from january to marchapril and from july to august in hong kong. People can also get the flu by touching an object or surface containing flu viruses and then touching their mouth. These viruses invade the respiratory tract, or the nose, throat and lungs, and are spread from one person to another by coughing or sneezing. People tend to get it around the same time every year. Three types of seasonal influenza viruses are recognised to cause human infection, namely a, b and c. Seasonal influenza is the most common infection and usually causes a selflimited febrile illness with upper respiratory symptoms and malaise that resolves within 10 days taubenberger and morens, 2008. Inactivated influenza vaccine information for healthcare practitioners 5. Skip directly to site content skip directly to page options skip directly to az link. Flu season is an annually recurring time period characterized by the prevalence of outbreaks of influenza flu.
It is caused by influenza virus and is easily transmitted, predominantly via the droplet and contact routes and by indirect spread from respiratory secretions on hands, tissues, etc. The influenza chapter of the green book recommends both intradermal and intramuscular injected. A few news reports have suggested the use of an elderberry sambucus nigra extract as a potential preventative against the 2009 flu pandemic. The current recommendations for seasonal influenza vaccine in the influenza chapter of the green book. The potential costeffectiveness of quadrivalent versus. This course provides a general introduction to the disease and is intended for personnel involved in seasonal influenza outbreak preparedness and. Phe summary of current guidance for healthcare professionals, the chapter on influenza in the green book, the national institute for health and care excellence nice technology appraisal amantadine, oseltamivir and zanamivir for the treatment of influenza. Inactivated influenza vaccine information for healthcare. In the uk, people usually get seasonal flu between december and march, although outbreaks can happen as early as october and as late as may. This can be used by clinicians working in any sector of.
The season occurs during the cold half of the year in each hemisphere. Hivaids or treatment such as cancer treatment o morbidly. Immunisation by nurses and other health professionals. The government resource immunisation against infectious disease the green book. Health experts recommend that all people 6 months of age and older get a flu shot. Influenza national institute for health and care excellence. Seqirus is a reliable supplier of seasonal influenza vaccine with the ability to rapidly respond to pandemic threats. Symptoms were similar to those of seasonal influenza, although gastrointestinal symptoms vomiting and diarrhoea were more commonly reported than is usual. Sep 25, 2017 many viruses can cause a flulike illness.
Influenza a symptoms can be confused with signs of. Page 15 of 36 this copy is uncontrolled when printed. To continue reading this article, you must log in with your personal, hospital, or group practice subscription. Prevention and treatment of seasonal influenza nejm.
Healthcare practitioners should refer to the green book influenza. Flulike illnesses typically cause a high temperature, aches and pains in muscles and joints, a cough and various other symptoms. Phedhdwp guideline phe antivirals for influenza faq. Influenza immunisation information including updates for public health professionals. A lifetime, multicohort, static markov model was constructed, with nine age groups each divided into healthy and atrisk. Seasonal influenza an overview sciencedirect topics. Phe guidance on use of antiviral agents for the treatment and. During this period, oseltamivir or zanamivir should be selected if an antiviral medication is used for the treatment and prophylaxis of influenza. A comparison of the effectiveness of oseltamivir for the treatment of influenza a and influenza b. The green book has the latest information on vaccines and vaccination procedures, for vaccine preventable. Influenza testing is not needed for all patients with signs and symptoms of. Everyone 6 months and older needs a flu vaccine each year.
Type a influenza is a contagious viral infection that can have lifethreatening complications if left untreated. Dec 21, 2018 type a influenza is a contagious viral infection that can have lifethreatening complications if left untreated. You can see our summary of phe advice on prophylactic treatment of people who may have been exposed to seasonal influenza here and frequently asked questions can be found he. Phe guidance on use of antiviral agents for the treatment and prophylaxis of seasonal influenza 2015.
Flu vaccination has been shown to prevent flu illnesses, doctors visits and hospitalizations and can. Additionally, aerosol transmission plays a part in influenza virus transmission. Different strains of influenza return annually, claiming 25,000 lives per year in the united states alone. The preparation has been reported to reduce the duration of influenza symptoms by raising levels of cytokines. Influenza is an acute viral infection of the respiratory tract. Seasonal influenza is a viral infection that spreads from person to person through respiratory droplets. For periods in which influenza is reported to be circulating in the community, existing national institute for health and clinical excellence nice guidance recommends the use of antiviral treatment either oseltamivir or zanamivir only in atrisk populations as defined by the department of health in the green book. The michigan department of health and human services mdhhs seasonal influenza is a contagious respiratory illness caused by influenza viruses. It begins with basic epidemiological and clinical characteristics, including surveillance as a background. Seasonal influenza influenza is a highly infectious, viral infection of the respiratory tract. Influenza april 2019 19 influenza the disease influenza is an acute viral infection of the respiratory tract.
This short, intermediatelevel course is for frontline health workers caring for patients with suspected or confirmed seasonal influenza infection. A quadrivalent inactivated vaccine egg grown qive will be available for those aged 6 months to under two years of age and those aged 18 to 64 years of age in an at risk group. Prevention with vaccines and prevention of seasonal influenza with antiviral drugs in adults and treatment of seasonal influenza in adults. Influenza vaccination formulary recommendations 1819 nhs.
Information for health professionals cdc read more on key information about vaccination, infection control, prevention, treatment, and diagnosis of seasonal influenza. Influenza types a and b are responsible for most cases of clinical illness in the uk. Find information on coronavirus disease 2019 covid19. During the pandemic, there were fewer than 500 laboratory confirmed deaths from influenza ah1n1v in the. Clinical practice from the new england journal of medicine prevention and treatment of seasonal influenza. Seasonal influenza is a preventable infectious disease with mostly respiratory symptoms. Children and those who are immunocompromised or severely ill may shed influenza virus for 10 days or more after the onset of symptoms. Seasonal influenza viruses have rarely been detected from nonrespiratory sources such as stool or blood.
Follow four steps to protect yourself and your loved ones from flu. Seqirus also inlicenses a wide range of vaccines, antivenoms and pharmaceutical products from our partner licensors to ensure these products are available to meet the needs of australias community at home and abroad. So vaccination against seasonal influenza has to be undertaken annually. More information about clinical risk groups and vaccination can be found in the influenza green book chapter 19 and nice national institute for health and care excellence guidance. Influenza types a and b are responsible for most cases of clinical illness in. Immunisation against infectious diseases the green book influenza chapter. Clinical practice guidelines by the infectious diseases. Seasonal influenza a and b virus epidemics are associated with significant morbidity and mortality each year in the united states and worldwide. Seasonal influenza, also known as the flu, is an illness that is caused by viruses.
There are different types of influenza viruses and they evolve and change. The flu short for influenza is a respiratory virus that affects the throat, nose, bronchi and, sometimes, the lungs. The green book, the annual flu letter and subsequent. Chapter 19, influenza, in immunisation against infectious disease the green book. The flu chapter of the green book has been updated to reflect the latest guidance from the joint committee on vaccination and. The mdhhs seasonal influenza web page has information on influenza activity, influenza vaccination, and resources for specific groups including health. This treatment summary topic describes influenza vaccine. Phe guidance on use of antiviral agents for the treatment and prophylaxis of influenza v7. The remaining modules then present a stepbystep approach to clinical management. Annual national flu programme letter 2019 to 2020 nhs england.
Change to the niac guidelines for treatment of anaphylaxis. Influenza activity can sometimes be predicted and even tracked geographically. Early administration of oral oseltamivir increases the benefits of influenza treatment. The objectives of the influenza immunisation programme are to protect. Seasonal influenza vaccination programme 20192020 hse. The flu chapter of the green book has been updated to reflect the latest guidance from the joint committee on vaccination and immunisation in readiness for the 2015 to 2016 influenza season. There is usually a seasonal outbreak of flu influenza in the uk each winter. September 2011 revised to include updated guidance from the department of healths immunization against infectious disease the green book chapter 19, influenza updated in july 2011 for the 20112012 seasonal influenza vaccination programme, and new recommendations from the chief medical officer 2011. To estimate the potential costeffectiveness of quadrivalent influenza vaccine compared with trivalent influenza vaccine in the uk. Flu vaccination has been shown to prevent flu illnesses, doctors visits and hospitalizations and can be lifesaving in children 20182019 u.
Seasonal flu influenza is an infection caused by a virus that can affect your nose, throat and lungs. One study estimated that during 20102016, the seasonal incidence of symptomatic influenza among all ages in the united states was approximately 8% and varied from 3% to 11%. This guidelines summary covers public health england phe guidance on the use of antiviral agents for the treatment of suspected or confirmed cases of seasonal influenza. Seasonal influenza is a contagious respiratory illness caused by influenza viruses.
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